An Iranian post stamp relating the Hadith of Qadeer, one of the instances which Muhammad appointed Ali. This time, prominently done shortly before his demise

Nahj al-Balagha, one of the most cherished Shia collections

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ShÄ«â€˜a Islam, also Shiâ€˜ite Islam or Shiâ€˜ism (Arabic Ø´ÙŠØ¹Ø© Å¡Ä«Ê¿ah), is the second largest denomination of the Islamic faith after Sunni Islam. Shias adhere to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and the religious guidance of his family (who are referred to as the Ahl al-Bayt) or his descendents known as Shi'a Imams. Prophet Muhammad's bloodline continues only through his beloved daughter Fatima Zahra and son-in-law Ali which alongside the prophet's grandsons are the Ahl al-Bayt. Thus, Shi'as consider Prophet Muhammad's descendents as the true source of guidance while considering the first three ruling Sunni caliphs a historic occurrence and not something attached to faith. The singular/adjective form is Å¡Ä«Ê¿Ä« (Ø´ÙŠØ¹ÙŠ.) and refers to a follower of the faction of Imam Ali according to the Shia ideology.

Shia Islam, like Sunni Islam, has at times been divided into many branches; however, only three of these currently have a significant number of followers. The best known and the one with most adherents is the Twelvers (Ø§Ø«Ù†Ø§ Ø¹Ø´Ø±ÙŠØ© iá¹¯nÄÊ¿aÅ¡ariyya) which have a large percentage in Iran 90% and Iraq; the others are Ismaili, Sevener, and Zaidiyyah. Alawites and Druzes consider themselves Shias, although this is sometimes disputed by mainstream Shias. The Sufi orders among the Shias are the Alevi, Bektashi, Kubrawiya, Noorbakhshi, Oveyssi, Qizilbashi, Hamadani and Fatimid orders and denominations. Twenty percent of Turkey's population is Alevi while Lebanon and Syria have a large presence of Druze and Alawites.

Etymology

"Shia" is the short form of the historic phrase Å¡Ä«Ê¿at Ê¿AlÄ« (Ø´ÙŠØ¹Ø© Ø¹Ù„ÙŠ), meaning "the followers of Ali" or "the faction of Ali". Both Shia and Sunni sources trace the term to the years preceding the death of Muhammad; see Shia etymology.