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Train Cases
Regional rail or commuter rail usually provide a rail service between a central business district and suburbs or other locations that draw large numbers of people on a daily basis. The trains providing such services may be termed commuter trains. more...
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The development of commuter rail services has become popular today, with the increased public awareness of congestion, dependence on fossil fuels, and other environmental issues, as well as the rising costs of owning and operating automobiles.
Characteristics
Commuter trains are usually optimized for maximum passenger volume, in most cases without sacrificing too much comfort and luggage space, though they seldom have all the amenities of long-distance trains. The general range of commuter trains varies between 15 and 180 km (9 and 111 miles), with operating speeds from 55 to 175 km/h (30 to 110 mph). Passenger coaches are either single- or double-level, with a capacity of 80 - 110 passengers for single-level cars and 145 - 170 for double-level cars.
Defining aspects
In general, commuter trains are built to heavy rail standards, differing from light rail or rapid transit systems by:
being larger;;
having (in most cases) a lower frequency of service;;
having scheduled services (i.e. trains run at specific hours rather than at specific intervals);;
serving lower-density areas, typically by connecting suburbs to the city centre;;
sharing track or right-of-way with intercity or freight trains;
Their ability to coexist with freight or intercity services in the same right-of-way can drastically reduce system construction costs. However, frequently they are built with dedicated tracks within that right-of-way to prevent delays.
Generally such trains run on the local standard gauge track. Some broader gauges include 1520/1524 mm (Russia and countries of the former Russian Empire), 1600 mm (Ireland, Brazil, and parts of Australia), 1668 mm (Spain and Portugal), 1676 mm (India, Pakistan, Argentina and Chile). Light rail systems may run on a narrower gauge. Narrow gauge trains generally run on either 1067 mm (3 ft 6 in) track or on metre gauge (39.37 inches). Examples of narrow-gauge systems are found in Japan, Switzerland and India, and in the Brisbane (CityTrain) and Perth (Transperth) systems in Australia. Ireland uses standard gauge as a "narrow gauge" for its Luas tram system. Sweden has also a narrow gauge railroad called Roslagsbanan. It uses 891mm gauge, which is an old Swedish standard. The world's largest commuter railway, the Indian Railways, uses narrow gauge track for all commuter trains.
In some cases, hybrids between a train and a metro have been created. They run underground in the dense city centres and on ordinary outdoor tracks in lower-density areas. Examples include the Madrid CercanÃas network, in Dublin the Dublin Area Rapid Transit, the Paris RER, lines 6-8 of the Barcelona Metro, the S-Bahn systems of Berlin, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Munich, Stuttgart, and Zürich, the suburban railway (HÉV) in Budapest, MetroValparaÃso in ValparaÃso (Chile) and the rail systems of Sydney (CityRail) and Melbourne. In Hong Kong, East Rail provides a metro-like service in terms of capacity of its cars (over 300 each), more standees and few seats, and high frequencies, except sharing some of its track with inter-city service.
Read more at Wikipedia.org
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